A Simple Way to Draw a Horse with Proper Proportions Without Tools or Compass, by Hand.

In order not to rely heavily on rules or compasses, I have found an easier way to quickly draw a horse with just the right proportions directly by hand. This is for the curious and for painters who draw from nature. These guidelines are memorized; for speedy results, I conceptualize a square (A.B.C.D.) which I divide into nine equal parts: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. I draw three circles; one for the back, the second for the belly, and the third for the shoulders. The sections are divided accordingly to mark the limbs, knees, and hoofs. For the head and neck, I set up a separate square within which I define the details such as ears, eyes, and mouth proportions, with specific guidelines also for the profile. This is how you can draw a horse by hand without a rule or compass.

A similar method is expressed in French, mentioning that the artist finds it more convenient to remember the proportions rather than relying on measuring tools. The concept is then described following the same step-by-step process of using squares and circles to proportionately layout the horse's features.

The text in Dutch and German follows the same concept, giving a simplified explanation of how to proportionately draw the figure of a horse using mental measurements and visual guides, specifying the use of squares and circles to outline and place the specific parts of the horse, similar to plotting a map.

Translation Notes

- "Compasfio/compassio" in Italian refers to compass or measuring tool; used metaphorically for not using exact or fixed measurements.
- "Le Champ" in French and "Het veld" in Dutch imply sections or areas for drawing.
- The text demonstrates an emphasis on freehand measurement for artistic purposes possibly reflecting practices of certain historic contexts.