The text discusses the significance and perception of various eye types in humans and certain animals. It suggests that small and particular kinds of eyes are often seen as a sign of certain traits, such as malice or propriety. Additionally, it describes the cultural naming conventions for eyes based on their appearance and the perceived character traits they imply.
Details of the Eye and Its Servitude
Small eyes may often promise good things, but not ones that protrude. Entirely small pupils against a fairly wide white space are, almost unfailingly, a sign of maliciousness, as we have often found. We observe similar traits in various animals, such as apes, foxes, Indian mice, snakes, and the like. Eyes that noticeably follow a forward movement of the face may well be suspicious, as a rogue often hides behind them, and they are very rarely idle. People who are naturally well-mannered and of virtuous disposition often have eyes that are soft and milk-like in appearance. Similarly, those who have dry eyes and stand somewhat sorrowfully are usually polite and reverent in their address.
The eye is a small part of a person, but so significant that if it lacks, the whole individual is immediately labeled. Thus arise the abusive names like "Cross-eyed Quink," "Squinting Devil," "Lame Eye," "Pink Eye," "Blind-Bobber," "Peeker," "Night Devil," and more; as these terms are as varied as the numerous and subtle expressions of eyes can be cataloged. There are also several other imperfections, but these are neither so evident nor commonly mentioned.
Aside from large and small eyes, people tend to distinguish among dark eyes, clear eyes, beautiful eyes, ugly eyes, filthy eyes, tearful eyes, wandering eyes, pearl eyes, watery eyes, dry eyes, stiff eyes, wandering eyes, blinking...
Translation Notes
Names and Related Descriptions: The text includes old Dutch terms and nicknames related to eye characteristics. Not all have direct modern English translations, but they are indicative of personality or mood.