Structure and Function of the Neck

Many sections are damaged or poorly transcribed. And as previously discussed the entire configuration of the Head, especially the parts of the Face have been seen, it does not seem to be completely beyond reason to include here what we still need to address regarding the Technique of the Face and Crown, as well as the Essence of Movement that must be observed: Also to learn how a Painter can acquire the skill to accurately portray a person whom he has seen only once, using only imagination. However, this will be discussed in detail in the next chapter; So we will skip this for now and consider the rest of the Members in the previous manner.

Now the Neck, where the Head of the human stands, is somewhat elongated in form, to allow the Head to move more freely and unhindered back and forth, like on a pivot. From this freedom stems the condition that when positioning statues, the Head need not always be turned to the side where the Chest turns: For the Creator has shown this very differently through the Formation of the Neck and its use. This also causes a discrepancy in Art Displays when the Statues testify otherwise. The additional Function of the Neck is that it serves as an Organ-pipe, to set the measure of the voice: Thus it is generally noted that animals without a Neck, like Fish and similar creatures, cannot make a correct sound. But other creatures which, on the contrary, have a Long Neck, like Swans, Cranes, Peacocks, and similar, can produce a very loud noise.

Translation Notes

Hoofd: Translated as 'Head'.
Tronie and Kroon-kunde: Relates to techniques dealing with the Face and Crown, considers elements of portraiture.
Konst-Tafereelen: Translated as 'Art Displays' or 'Artistic Scenes'.
Bedieninge: Translated as 'use' or 'utility'.