The text discusses the roles and movements of human limbs, focusing on the arms and hands. It explains the importance of muscle and bone structure in performing tasks and how physical traits such as the length of arms can indicate personality or capability. It also touches on the differences in function and appearance of breasts between men and women.
Human Limbs.
Speaking, by which he performs all his activities; concerning the hands, the neat grasp and appropriate handling, and the power of control are entrusted to the arms and shoulders. For most of the muscles that move the hand are in the arms; and those of the arms are mostly located in the chest and shoulders. As we will see in the service and purpose of the muscles and bones towards the end of this book. The part under the arms called the armpits is hollow, safe for sleeping, and very flexible and soft of flesh; so that it can endure rapidly, long, and in many ways without bumping, thus moving the arm. This is why it also becomes capable in adults, suitable for much labor; with hair protecting it, both to ease the pain in sweating and to prevent bumping friction. Those who have noticed the significance of the arms tell us that strong and well-formed arms are a sign of good and intelligent people. Thin arms are considered a sign of weak people; but full and fleshy ones are blunt and clumsy. Sometimes people are found with too long arms, that the hands touch the knees; these are considered strong in nature, but somewhat domineering. Short arms are seen as a sign of contentiousness; and one who loves ease is considered thus.
The breasts or mammaries vary in form and use with respect to man or woman, but the placement is the same. And although they appear to have no use in men, they do appear in relation to the similarity of human nature.
Translation Notes:
Menschelijke Ledematen: Literally "Human Limbs."
Armpits/Oxsel: Traditionally refers to the hollow under the shoulder.
Volwaffene: Refers to "adults," indicating fully grown humans, capable of labor.