Various Postures of Action

The line being extended, causes more weight on the same side. It is commonly remarked that whether an image moves quickly or slowly, especially the upper parts of the body, on the side of the leg where most weight is carried, are somewhat lower than those on the other side. This can be seen in the shoulders and chest. We also note that a figure in a stationary or slowly moving position shows more change in the main parts like shoulders, hips, and arms than when it moves smoothly. Because all weight is balanced through the center line, and because the weight of the body increases or decreases with the speed of motion, as we have already said, in slow movements of a figure, more precise balance is needed. This can only be achieved by counterbalancing the parts. Therefore, the interchange and exchange of these parts in this case should be more noticeable. However, bodies that move swiftly are under the line they move along, proportionally much lighter; therefore, they need to consider less the balance of the parts, as we will soon explain further with a walking figure. In the third illustration, we show a figure carrying a load on one shoulder; our model is marked with D. It is noted there that the shoulder carrying the load is higher than the other, which is unladen. In this case, the middle line of the entire weight, of both the body and the load, is drawn.

Translation Notes

1. The term 'Beeld' refers to a figure or image used as a model for drawing or painting.
2. 'Zijde des Beens' refers to the side of the leg and is used to describe body mechanics.
3. 'Actie' describes actions or movements performed by a figure.
4. 'Snel' and 'traag' describe speed; quickly and slowly, respectively.
5. 'Evenwigt' means balance, particularly concerning body posture.
6. 'Doeining' broadly relates to physical expression or demeanor.
7. 'Heupen' means hips, and 'Ermen' refers to arms, showing emphasis on limbs.