The text discusses the significance of human studies in art, emphasizing the depiction and understanding of the human form, particularly nudes. It quotes ancient sources like Seneca, explaining how nudes reveal an artist's knowledge of anatomy. The passage highlights the dedication of past artists to mastering human representation and critiques how imperfections were often concealed under clothing in art.
Usefulness of Human Studies.
The power of painting has its foundation in human studies, which teaches the finest composition of limbs as well as the expression of lively emotions in the muscles. This is evident when artists, investing their understanding and labor, focus not only on depicting nudes or half-dressed figures, but also on drawing from the abundance and significant testimony of wisdom laid by the ancients. They were particularly engaged in creating nudes because all that is admirable in them could not be hidden. As Seneca said, when the bare limbs are presented, what is lacking in the limbs, in number, or in order, becomes immediately apparent. Just as the ancient painters and sculptors who sought an immortal name ensured their teachings maintained an impeccably carried representation in their human figures, suitable in all respects. Thus, they worked day and night with utmost diligence in this regard. The ancient saying states: he who can make a Hercules well will not worry much about the lion's skin. And this undoubtedly led to the great proliferation of nude statues during the art's merry time, such that many remaining can still be observed, followed, and recreated throughout the world. It also made those thoughtful in human studies consider that while the slight masters and brawlers concealed the stillness and imperfections of their figures under the ornaments of garments and luxuriously folded draperies.
Translation Notes:
- 'Menschkunde' should be translated as 'human studies' or 'figure studies' rather than 'anthropology'.