Skip to main content
Page Summary:

The text explains how bodies and objects appear in relation to the surfaces of mirrors and water. It describes the perception of distance, posture, and light in reflections and discusses the visibility of objects through rays. An example is given of people viewing the moon's reflection in water, illustrating how individual perspectives differ based on position.

Image of Original Page
English Translation of this page:

Actual Observations

...can serve. For it is because the bodies are according to the predetermined positions in which they are, and under the light and action of this moment, that they correspond to the surface of the mirror glass; (whose nature is to present an image to the observer’s eye, just as it has received it) thus, the objects can only appear to us with as much distance, posture, and light as they fall upon, behind the surface of the glass, as they are brought there. Finally, it should be known regarding the visibility, that of all visible objects, rays flow from all sides so much that the entire space of the air, and the surfaces of earth and water, to the extent that they can fall in a straight line unobstructed; is filled with them. This is clearly observed when bodies appear to shine in the water, as though viewed in infinite points and places, indeed, moving along a water edge, appearing to follow us through the shifting of positions. Thus we can now see them in this place or that, but not in many places at once; even if it is from somewhere else in the same spot where we previously lost the image, it can still be seen. This demonstrates that the flowing rays of objects can be found everywhere. If ten or more people on the shore of calm water observe the moon reflected in the water, it is certain that each one, according to their position, will not only see in a different point but also in such a way that the first cannot see what the second sees, nor the second what the third sees; nor any of them from one another, and will be able to.