The text describes the function of certain muscles in the hand, particularly focusing on two muscles, the Sublimis and Profundus, and how they interact with the tendons in the fingers. It explains how these muscles and tendons work together to enable bending and movement in the fingers and thumb. Additionally, it details the unique muscles of the thumb that facilitate its motion.
The Muscles Serving the Fingers
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To make the grip effective. The muscle called Sublimis comes from the specified location and extends with four tendons that are bound across the wrist joint, and each of these four tendons inserts into the second phalanx of the fingers; they traverse over the first phalanx; yet because they must move together with the second, they are also attached to the first phalanx. The muscle Profundus lies underneath the Sublimis and similarly branches into four tendons, which adhere to the first and second phalanx and extend to the third phalanx to help move it.
The fingers can also be divided into four parts or sets of tendons. Emerging from the outer division of the ulna (24) or slightly below it: the first inserts into the little finger and is split into two tendons. The second, broader, is also split into two tendons, with one entering the back of the ring finger and middle finger; the second inserts into the middle finger. The third starts a bit complex, branching into two tendons, one for the middle finger, the other towards the index finger. The fourth goes solely to the index finger, with one and two tendons; because the bones of the outer side of the fingers are rounded, it should be noted that these tendons are somewhat flatter than those on the inside.
The thumb has special muscles that allow it to bend and straighten, and pull back and forth; one of them bends it, starting from the top part of the radius and inserts into the outer joint of the thumb.
Dd 3.
Thumb's.
Translation Notes
Sublimis and Profundus refer to specific muscles in the forearm that control the bending of the fingers.