The text advises on how to draw rectangular objects, specifically using a box as a simple model. It discusses the optimal positioning of the artist relative to the object, suggesting a distance of two or three times the object's greatest dimension for a better perspective. The text also explains the concept of geometric and perspective planes and the importance of setting proportions when sketching from nature.
FIRST PART.
CHAPTER ONE.
DRAWING FROM NATURE RECTANGULAR SHAPED OBJECTS.
We have chosen among rectangular objects, one of the simplest and easiest to find everywhere: a box with right angles. You could alternatively choose a book or any other rectangular object.
Drawing a rectangular box from nature.
Place the square box in front of you, which is to be drawn from nature. Ensure that this box is neither too high nor too low relative to your eye, such that you can see the front and top of the box. Figure 6 (Plate 3) would represent this box ABCD which we use as a model.
The most favorable position for the observer or artist should be at a distance equal to two, or preferably three times the size of the object, which means two or three times the largest dimension of the object. It has been found that this position is most advantageous. If the object is wider than it is tall, position yourself at a distance of two or three times its width. If the box ABCD is two feet wide, stand four to six feet away.
What strikes our eyes, what the observer sees of this box, consists of two planes. The face ABCD being vertical and parallel to the observer is a "Geometric Plan." The top, however, CDEF, being placed horizontally becomes for the observer a "Perspective Plan." First, focus on the geometric plan.
When drawing from nature, it is rare to represent objects at the exact size they are seen. Usually, we depict them either larger or smaller. We start by setting a proportion, which can be called having an intention. You assign a size for one side on paper, and then it's about determining the position and size of the other sides relative to that you’ve fixed.
ACDB, etc. (figure 6), represents the box we suppose is really placed in front of the student, and acdb, etc. (figure ?), represents the drawing one makes by copying this box from nature.
It's always the largest dimension of the object that you first consider. Here, since the box being copied is wider than it is tall, we will first deal with the width.
Translation Notes
- "Plan géométral" is translated as "Geometric Plan."
- "Plan perspectif" refers to a "Perspective Plan," indicating the observer’s view beyond basic geometry.