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From the point represented here by e (fig. 2), moving from left to right, we establish a dimension ef, equal to seven-eighths of the height db; we then compare the distance from the chin to the neck attachment. Here (fig. 1) GD is slightly less than a quarter of the height of the head. In the drawing, from a point represented in this image (fig. 2) by g, draw a line from left to right which should make a right angle with the operation line ge, and on this line, measure deg, a dimension equal to a small quarter of the height represented by ab. Again compare, always using the pencil holder, the width of the neck to the height of the head. Here (fig. 1), DH equals half of the head's height DB. On the drawing, from a point indicated (fig. e) by d, measure a dimension dh, equal to half the height db. Then, using the points d, e, b, f, h, outline the head and neck, attempting to resemble the model as much as possible, and if needed, refer to figure 1 of plate 9. Next, compare the distance from the point represented by M to point D with the height CD. Holding the pencil holder vertically, so that it seems to hide the point represented by L, you see that this part of the bust appears, in this position, to start from the middle of the width of the neck.

Now find the width JK. Hold the pencil holder vertically, so that it seems to hide the point illustrated here by j. You simultaneously see if this vertical deviates to the left from the chin, marked here by point G. Once point J is determined, look again on the pencil holder to see how much point K exceeds point F, marking here the back of the head. You can further compare the width represented by JK on the pencil holder with the entire height. Here, JK is approximately equal to DB; hence, on the paper, establish, from j to n, a dimension that is approximately equal to the height of the head. Then, within the dimensions j, m, x, h, draw the shoulder and back as accurately as possible. You still need to place the foot, comparing its largest width with the height you already have. Then, to correctly place this foot under the bust, use the pencil holder as a vertical to see if the side represented here by N is vertically aligned under the chin. Here, N is a little outside the chin. Proceed in the same way to find point O; this point O is level with point H, at the back of the neck. On the drawing, from point represented by h, and a point outside point g, extend verticals down; the space between these two verticals demonstrates the width of the foot denoted by no. Then, using points represented by n, a, o, c, draw the foot of the bust as you did for figures 5, 6, 7, etc., of plate 4.

This gives you the bulk of a bust seen from the side; all that remains is to place the organs.

This announcement is concluded; the next section will provide the proportions of a head seen in profile.

Find the movement and mass of a bust viewed from the front, using the compass, or when drawn from life.

Position a bust in front of you, distancing yourself at least twice its height. Sit so slightly lower than the mound. Move left and right, until you see the face directly—meaning both ears are visible equally, the distance from the corner of each eye to the nose is the same, and finally the middle of the mouth is perfectly under the middle of the nose, similar to the mound shown here, plate 9, fig. 5.

After selecting any size, draw a vertical line represented here (fig. 6) by line ab. This measurement is intended to hold the bust drawing you wish to create.

Ensure to draw the vertical ab in the center of the paper, so the drawing is well positioned, not in a corner.

Once the height is determined, proceed similarly as with the bust seen from the side.

Compare the foot’s height with the overall height. Here, AC (fig. 5) equals one-fifth of the entire height AB. In the drawing, take the fifth (at the bottom) of the total height determined.

Translation Notes: "arc" - "angle," "opération line ge" - "operation line," "porte-crayon d'aplomb" - "pencil holder vertically."