This section describes the anatomy of the shoulder and arm bones, emphasizing their shape, function, and internal structure. It explains the shoulder blade's connection to the ribs, its triangular shape, and its role in protecting the heart and muscles. Various parts like the Raven's Beak and Arm Bone are illustrated and described with references to specific images.
The Human Figures
which is that through which the collarbone is united with the shoulder blade.
16. The Shoulder Blades, or Shoulder Blade Bones; found on both sides are broad and thin in the middle, but thick in the protrusions; they lie behind on the ribs, like a shield. Their shape is triangular and almost like a Cooper's float. It serves to strengthen the ribs and also to preserve the heart and the planting of the muscles; being hollow on the inside and filled with flesh; perhaps so they would not press too hard on the ribs. They are still distinguished in four sections. Refer only to the image B.
17. The Rib, or the spine of the shoulder blade. See image B.
18. The Foot of the Shoulder Blade. See image B.
19. The Lower Rib of the Shoulder Blade. See the same.
20. The Neck of the Shoulder Blade. See the preceding image.
21. The Raven's Beak. See the Illustration A.
22. The Arm Bone, being large and strong; has above a rounded growth, together jointed with a loose articulation in the shoulder blade, called the Head of the Arm Bone. See illustration A, about the tall letters 23. Underneath, attached to the large and small ulna with two extensions joined together. See the Arm Bone in illustrations A and B on the marked tall letters.
23. The Head of the Arm Bones, where it is also joined and twisted with the shoulder blade. See illustrations A and B.
Translation Notes
- 'Raven's Beak' refers to a part of the shoulder blade that resembles a raven's beak.
- 'Cooper's float' is an old term referencing the shape used by barrel makers, resembling the triangular form described.