The text provides anatomical details of the human foot, discussing specific bones like the ankle, heel, and different foot bones. It outlines the structure of the foot with references to illustrations A and B for visual guidance. The notes also introduce the forthcoming chapter on muscles, with prepared figures for further anatomical discussions.
The Human Images
The fibula is below and attached to the shinbone, but deviates slightly in the middle: See Illustration A and B.
46. The inner ankle. See Illustration A.
47. The outer ankle. See Illustration A and B.
48. The talus bone. See the previous illustration.
49. The heel. See Illustration B.
50. The foot, or hind-foot, consists of seven bones, namely, the calcaneus, the heel bone, the astragalus, the cuboid bone, the navicular, the cuneiform bones, and the cuboid. The last three are commonly called the wedge bones by anatomists. See Illustration A.
51. The mid-foot or sole of the foot is composed of five bones. See Illustration A.
52. The toes, like the fingers, are five in number. Each toe has three sections, except the big toe, which has two, totaling 14 in all. See Illustrations A and B. This concludes the explanation of the bones. In the next chapter, we will consider the muscles, for which we have prepared three figures: one from the front, one from the side, and one from the back, which will be useful for the subsequent discussion, especially when comparing the illustrations of bones to the sketches provided outside the book on our indication.
B b 4
End
Translation Notes
- "Astragalis" is an archaic term for the talus bone and has been translated as such.
- The terms "Os Calcis" and "Os Naviculare" refer to the specific bones in the foot known today as the calcaneus and navicular bones, respectively.