This chapter discusses the importance of understanding muscle structure and functionality in creating realistic figures in art. It emphasizes that the realistic depiction of actions in figures is greatly dependent on this knowledge. Using the example of a strong man, the text illustrates how muscles align themselves to express intentions through posture.
Chapter XI
On the Muscles, their place and function in the movement of Human Limbs.
Just as we have previously mentioned that the beauty and well-being of the images mainly depend on good proportion, we must assert that the best and most realistic actions in the figures were promoted by the good and true knowledge of the muscles. We believe that without any prior understanding raised in this matter, it is very easy to understand that if the muscles or muscle structures in nude figures are not properly perceived and detailed according to their actions or purposes, then such figures fall short in their portrayal. It seems impossible to us that a figure can perform without this truth; even if it somewhat functions, it cannot work according to the domain of these thoughts and actions that were supposed to be in the figure. For example, take a robust and strong man, who prepares himself for some task with a brave action; it will be immediately noted that all the muscles that can help with this will align themselves very submissively and position themselves according to the workings specific to each limb, thus revealing the man's intention.
What the knowledge of Muscles does to the Expression of work.
Translation Notes:
- 'Eisch' could be translated as 'requirement' or 'demand'.
- 'Postuur' translates to 'posture' or 'bearing', related to the position of an art figure.