The text describes certain muscles and their actions in relation to hand movements. It details the flexors and extensors of the hand and their anatomical connections. Additionally, it touches on the Palmaris muscle and the Round Pronator, providing insight into their roles and significance.
Functions of the Muscles.
31. The flexor of the thumb moving towards the fingers. See Image C.
32. Extensors or straighteners of the hand. See the bone: Connection (30), these are two planted on the outer side of the arm; their function opposes the aforementioned Flexors or benders (25); to extend the palm of the hand. The upper one shoots above the outer extension of the arm bone (24) and rests along the arm-speak, (29). It splits into two tendons, one at the first, the other in the second bone of the middle palm of the hand (31). The lower or second extensor emerges from the previously noted extension and joins with a tendon descending downward into the fourth bone of the aforementioned middle palm; where the little finger supports. See Images B and C.
33. Palmaris, is a small muscle: emerging from the lower extension of the arm bone (25), crossing with a long narrow chord, and spreading widely over the entire palm of the hand, and inserts in the first joint of the fingers. It is not considered significant in all bodies. See Image A.
34. Round Pronator, works contrary to the previously mentioned Long Supinator (22). Because it lays the hand flat, meaning with the knuckles turned upwards; it is the first turner of the hand, sprouting from the inner extension of the arm bone (25) and joins with a tendon in the middle of the small ulna (29). Its companion is not seen, which also inserts into the designated speak. See Images A and B.
Translation Notes:
- Flexors and Extensors: Muscles that bend and extend, respectively.
- Arm-Speak and Bone Terms: Refer to specific anatomy of the arm and hand, possibly using older or unfamiliar terminology.