Method for Learning

...those that detach from the crêpe first adhere to it and stick strongly enough to no longer be easily erased, and then it doesn't need to be retouched. Then the veil or crêpe is shaken, and it is lightly rubbed with a cloth to remove the remaining chalk dust that still adheres, making it usable again.

This invention can also be used to apply the drawing in reverse on the canvas: because the chalk's whiteness passes as easily one way as the other. If the canvas is much larger than the crêpe, it can be taken in parts and transferred onto the canvas.

Method for Reducing in Size.

According to the previous method, one can only copy a painting by the size of the original: but it often happens that it is necessary to make copies bigger or smaller than the original, which is called reducing from large to small, or from small to large; then the crêpe or veil is of no use. In this case, another invention called 'graticuler', or 'craticuler' is used, which is derived from the Italian word 'graticolare', or the Latin word 'craticula', meaning a grid. Here is how it is done.

The four sides of the original painting are divided into as many equal parts as desired; at all the points of division, small nails or short, strong pins are placed; and by passing a stretched thread over the painting and securing it at all these points, it is divided into a certain number of equal squares. Then the edges of the paper or canvas are divided in the same way...

Translation Notes:

- 'Craticuler' or 'graticuler' refers to the method of using a grid to scale a drawing.