The text describes methods for copying a drawing onto canvas or paper by dividing the surface into a grid of equal parts. It explains the use of a technique called "tringler" or "fingler," which involves marking lines with a chalked string instead of using a ruler and pencil. The importance of practice in drawing is highlighted for successfully mapping objects from the original to the copy.
The Drawing.
To make a copy, one divides the canvas or paper into an equal number of parts as the original; once done, draw straight lines with a ruler and pencil, according to the divisions at the top, bottom, and sides. This technique ensures the copy matches the proportions of the original. The grid squares can be larger or smaller depending on whether the paper or canvas is larger, smaller, or the same size as the original.
Tringler or fingler is when, instead of drawing a straight line with a ruler and pencil, a line is marked using a thread or small cord that has been made white with chalk or black with charcoal. The thread is stretched over a flat surface, aligned at two marked points on the canvas, slightly pulled and then released to create a straight line on the surface. This method is called the tringle: many workers and painters use it when they need to draw very long straight lines.
When both the original painting and the copy canvas are divided into the same number of squares, every object and part of the objects appearing in each square is transported onto corresponding squares on the copy. Practice in drawing is necessary for this operation, otherwise, it would be challenging to place objects correctly in the drawing.
Translation Notes:
Tringler or fingler: An old technique using a chalked or charcoaled string to mark straight lines.
Tringle: The name of the string or cord used for the tringler technique.