Drawing

For the hand, use the face of a nose for wrist movement.

The shoulders are two head-widths wide; the hips are two face-widths. The arm, at the shoulder, is half a head wide; at the elbow, it is a third of a head; and at the wrist, a nose width. The thigh, near the groin, is a face wide; at the knee, it is one and a half noses wide. The leg, at the ankle in a frontal view, should be a nose width.

The hand, as we have already noted, is a face in length. (Plate 9, Fig. 1.) It is divided into two equal parts, one for the palm, and the other for the fingers. The fingers are divided into three unequal parts, with the first being larger than the second, and the second larger than the third. When looking at the inside of the hand, it can be seen that the fingers are unevenly jointed, the little finger is jointed the lowest, and the next one is the least.

The foot in profile, (Plate 9, Fig. 2.) has the length of a head: this length is divided into four noses or four equal parts. The first is for the heel: the second from the heel to the ball of the foot: the third from there to the toe: the last is for the length of the toes.

The foot seen from the front, (Plate 9, Fig. 3.) is divided vertically into three parts, one for the toes, and the other two for the instep. Its width is also divided into three parts; the first for the big toe; the second for the two toes following the big toe; and the third for the other two toes, including the thickness of the little toe (a).

(a) Furthermore, all these proportions are not immutable laws; primarily they vary by the different characters one wishes to give to the figures, whether aiming for a noble figure, or a common man. Additionally, in nature you find very few...